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Water Pricing in Singapore
Demand for water in Singapore is met by our Four National Taps: Local catchment water, imported water, NEWater and desalinated water.
Our drinking water is priced not only to recover the full cost of its production and supply but to reflect its scarcity value.
The scarcity value of water
Water is a precious resource and the next available sources of water (NEWater and desalinated water) are more expensive to produce than conventional sources of water (local catchment water and imported water). Hence, the price of water in Singapore is set to reflect its scarcity value – the cost of producing clean water from the next available source after all the rainwater collected had been used.
Recovering the full cost of water
The full cost of water refers to the cost for the operations of the entire water system. Singapore’s water system includes rainwater collection, reservoir management, raw water treatment, NEWater production, desalination, as well as the maintenance of the island-wide network of pipes that distribute treated water to all households and businesses. It also includes the cost of operating and maintaining the public sewers that collect used water from the homes and businesses, and the treatment of this used water before it is discharged into the sea or reclaimed into NEWater.
Pricing is an important mechanism to encourage customers to use water wisely. Pricing water to recover the full cost of its production and supply helps to ensure that every one of us will use only what we need.
What is inside my monthly water bill?
The monthly water bill consists of the water tariff, water conservation tax, waterborne fee and sanitary appliance fee .
Water Tariff
The water tariff covers the costs incurred in the various stages of the water production process. This includes collection of rainwater, treatment of raw water and distribution of treated water to customers through an extensive network of water pipes throughout Singapore. The Water Tariff is charged based on the amount of water consumed.
Water Conservation Tax
To encourage water conservation and price water based on its scarcity value, the Water Conservation Tax was introduced in 1991.
The Water Conservation Tax (WCT) is imposed as a percentage of the total water consumption to reinforce the message that water is precious from the very first drop. The WCT is pegged to a rate such that the total price of drinking water (Water tariff + WCT) would be equivalent to the cost of producing the next drop of clean water from the next available source (i.e. from desalination and NEWater).
Sanitary Appliance Fee and Waterborne Fee
Every drop of used water is collected via a separate network of sewers and channelled to the water reclamation plants where it is treated to international standards for discharge to the sea or purified further, to become NEWater. Having separate systems for the collection of all used water and rainwater help to keep our catchments and waterways clean. It also allows for water recycling to be carried out on a large scale, thus ensuring the sustainability of NEWater.
The Sanitary Appliance Fee (SAF) and the Waterborne Fee (WBF) are levied to offset the cost of treating used water and for operating and maintaining the used water network. The SAF is a fixed component based on the number of sanitary fittings in each premise. The WBF is charged based on the volume of water supplied to premises, regardless of the location and how the water is used or discharged. Both charges are imposed as a tax contribution to Singapore’s national used water system
Government Grant
To help the low-income families, the Government has been providing grants in the form of U-SAVE vouchers to help offset their utility bills, including water expenses. In 2013, a household staying in one to three room flats received an annual U-SAVE voucher of $240 to $260 (or average about $20 to $22 per month), compared to the average water bill of less than $35 a month. This twin approach of conservation and targeted assistance ensures that all Singaporeans have access to affordable, high quality water for the long term.
Water Tariff in Table Format
Tariff since 1 Jul 2000
| Tariff Category | Consumption Block (m3 per month) | Tariff($/m3) [before GST] | Water Conservation Tax (% of tariff) [before GST] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic | 0 to 40 | 1.1700 | 30 |
| Above 40 | 1.4000 | 45 | |
| Non-Domestic | All units | 1.1700 | 30 |
| Shipping | All units | 1.9200 | 30 |
| Tariff Category | Consumption Block (m3 per month) | Waterborne Fee ($/m3) [before GST] | Waterborne Fee ($/m3)* [after GST] | Sanitary Appliance Fee [before GST] | Sanitary Appliance Fee * [after GST] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Domestic | All units | 0.2803 | 0.30 | $2.8037/- per chargeable fitting per month | $3.00/- per chargeable fitting per month |
| Non-Domestic | All units | 0.5607 | 0.60 | ||
| Shipping | All units | 0.5607 | 0.60 |
NEWater Tariff (before GST)
Tariff since 1 Apr 2012
| Tariff Category | Consumption Block (m3 per month) | Tariff (cents/m3) | WCT (% of tariff) | WBF (cents/m3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NEWater | All units | 122 | - | 56.07 |
Industrial Water Tariff (before GST)
Tariff since 1 Oct 2013
| Tariff Category | Consumption Block (m3 per month) | Tariff (cents/m3) | WCT (% of tariff) | WBF (cents/m3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industrial Water | All units | 65 | - | 56.07 |
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